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coACTION Project Page 5/27 Democratic School Culture The three cogwheels of a democratic school culture This section sets out the theoretical foundations of the three key concepts that are essential for the development of a sustainable democratic school culture. Needs orientation according to WilliamGlasser In his choice theory, William Glasser describes five universal basic psychological needs: Survival/Security, Belonging/Love, Power/Recognition, Freedom and Fun. These needs are the primary motivators of human action; every person constantly strives to fulfill them. In a democratic school, the fulfillment of these five needs is of central importance for all groups - pupils, teachers, school management and parents. When safety, belonging, recognition, freedom and fun are actually lived in everyday school life, a climate of respect and genuine co-determination is created. Needs orientation Genuine participation Building democratic skills Respectful atmosphere and genuine co- determinatio n Security Belongin g Power Freedom Fun